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It might be interesting to note how much the Central and State Governments collect by way of levies on crude and petroleum products. According to one estimate, the levies account for more than 66 per cent of the retail prices — excise duty accounts for 42.84 per cent and customs duty 23.56 per cent. Over the years, the shares of the levies have only increased from 55.05 per cent in 2001-02 to 61.3 per cent in 2002-03, further to 64.9 per cent in 2003-04 and to 66.4 per cent in 2004-05. It is estimated that 43 per cent of the Centre’s total excise collection is from crude and petroleum products alone and the remaining 57 per cent from other sectors. In addition to the Central Government, various State Governments also levy duties varying from 8.5 per cent in Punjab to 39 per cent in Maharashtra. Between 2002-03 and 2004-05, the contribution of the petroleum sector to the Government coffers increased from Rs 96,752 crore (Centre Rs 64,595 crore, States Rs 32,157 crore) to Rs 1,20,945 crore in 2004-05 ( Centre Rs 77,692 crore, States Rs 43,254 crore).

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