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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) may adopt its own version of yield-curve control as it digs deeper into its toolbox to cushion the economy during the coronavirus pandemic, according to a unit of the country’s second-largest private lender.
The central bank may buy debt at irregular intervals to tame spikes in yields as it seeks to accelerate transmission of cuts in policy rates, breaking from the hard yield-control policies followed by the Bank of Japan and Reserve Bank of Australia, A. Prasanna, chief economist at ICICI Securities Primary Dealership Ltd. in Mumbai, wrote in a report to clients.
The RBI may implement soft yield-curve control involving strong, sporadic interventions around specific thresholds, which may not be in keeping with any specific script, he said. The RBI would cap any sell-off in bonds but at the same time abstain from specifying any defined range or level.
Whether with the use of a Federal Reserve-style Operation Twist, the European Central Bank-like cash boost to banks and open-market debt purchases, the RBI has shown to be decisive in its quest to keep rates low. Still, the gap between the most-traded 2029 notes and two-year debt is near the widest in a decade, hindering the pass through of rate cuts.
The RBI may buy Rs 3 trillion to Rs 6 trillion ($79 billion) of bonds this fiscal year to implement its plan, Prasanna wrote. The authority has bought about Rs 1.2 trillion of debt since April 1, which has helped pull down yields on the 6.45% 2029 notes by more than 50 basis points since end-January.
The RBI should keep an intervention threshold very close to current market levels, said Prasanna. Actions reinforcing this premise would incentivize market participants to veer around to RBIs thinking.
Yield-curve control, a policy that involves purchasing, or selling, government bonds in order to target the yield on a specific maturity, has been used by Japan for years to boost economic activity and was recently adopted in Australia. Economists expect the U.S. to adopt the tool in coming months as policy makers seek to provide more support for businesses and households.
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