US stocks were little changed in thin trading on Monday as the S&P 500 notched its latest record high, but the gains were curbed when an early rally in energy prices lost momentum.

Equities have trended to the upside of late, buoyed by data showing an improving economy and the US Federal Reserve’s commitment to be “patient’’ about raising interest rates.

S&P’s 53rd record close

After the S&P 500 gained nearly 6 per cent over the prior eight sessions, it notched its 53rd record close of the year on Monday.

The S&P energy index advanced 0.3 per cent, pulling back from a gain of more than 1 per cent as Brent and US crude oil turned lower. Brent settled down $1.57 at $57.88 and US crude settled down $1.12 at $53.61 a barrel.

In contrast to the fall in oil prices, consumer discretionary names were among the day’s best performers, up 0.7 per cent. General Motors rose 2.6 per cent to $34.60. The S&P 500 retail sector rose 0.8 per cent as Macy’s Inc advanced 1.8 per cent to $65.22 and Amazon.com was up 1 per cent at $312.04.

“The nearer-term picture is, consumers are enjoying lower gas prices, it’s almost as if it is an alleviation of taxes,’’ said Andre Bakhos, managing director at Janlyn Capital LLC in Bernardsville, New Jersey.

“Someone is getting hurt in this while the consumer is benefiting, and at some point it could come back to bite the market and the economy.’’

The Dow Jones industrial average fell 15.48 points or 0.09 per cent to 18,038.23, the S&P 500 gained 1.8 points or 0.09 per cent to 2,090.57 and the Nasdaq Composite added 0.05 points to 4,806.91.

The speed and scale of the rally could cap further upside, especially in the final trading week of the year, when many market participants are out on holiday and catalysts are limited. Volume is expected to remain light, which could exacerbate volatility. The stock market will be closed on Thursday for New Year’s Day.

About 4.78 billion shares traded on US exchanges on Monday, well below the 7.18 billion average this month, according to BATS Global Markets.

Gilead Sciences Inc rose 3.7 per cent to $97.30 as one of the S&P 500’s biggest percentage gainers after Morgan Stanley upgraded the stock to “overweight’’ from “equal-weight’’.

LiveDeal Inc jumped 19.1 per cent to $3.92 on volume of 13.6 million shares, to dwarf its 50-day average of about 455,000 shares, after the company reported 2014 results.

NYSE advancing issues outnumbered decliners 1,800 to 1,299, for a 1.39-to-1 ratio; on the Nasdaq, 1,438 issues rose and 1,320 fell for a 1.09-to-1 ratio favouring advancers.

The S&P 500 posted 68 new 52-week highs and 5 new lows; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 160 new highs and 39 new lows.

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