Switzerland, the UK and Sweden topped this year’s Global Innovation Index, while Sub-Saharan Africa posted significant regional improvement in the annual rankings published by Cornell University, INSEAD and the World Intellectual Property Organisation. Amid a newly documented slowdown in the growth of global research and development, the theme of the GII 2014 is ‘The Human Factor in Innovation,’ exploring the role of human capital in the innovation process and underlining the growing interest that firms and governments have shown in identifying and energising creative individuals and teams.

Altogether 143 economies around the world were surveyed using 81 indicators— to gauge both their innovation capabilities and measurable results. Published annually since 2007, the GII is now a benchmarking tool for business executives, policy makers and others seeking insight into the state of innovation around the world. For the GII 2014, Switzerland remains the leader for the fourth consecutive year.

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